📌 Lecture 2: HTML Basics

What is HTML?

• HTML = HyperText Markup Language.
• HyperText → Linking web pages.
• Markup Language → Uses tags to structure content.
• First Website: 1st Website

⚙️ Setup

1. Install VS Code → Download VS Code
2. Extensions
   • Live Server → Auto-refresh preview.
   • Prettier → Auto-format code.

📖 Common HTML Tags

1. 1. Headings <h1>–<h6>
   • <h1> → Main title (use once per page).
   • <h2> → Section heading.
   • <h3> → Sub-section.
   • Down to <h6> → least important.
   • Purpose: Creates hierarchy & improves SEO.
2. Paragraph <p>
   • Groups sentences into blocks
   • Browsers add spacing before/after automatically.
   • Use multiple <p>, not multiple <br>.
3. Horizontal Rule <hr>
   • Defines a thematic break.
   • Often displayed as a horizontal line.
4. Line Break <br>
   • Creates a single line break (like pressing Enter once).
   • Use in addresses, poems, etc.
5. Lists
   • <ul> → Unordered list (bullets).
   • <ol> → Ordered list (numbers).
   • <li> → List items inside <ul> or <ol>.
   • Supports nesting (list inside list).
6. Anchor <a>
   • Creates hyperlinks.
   • Attribute:
     • href → destination link.
     • target="_blank" → opens in new tab
   • Makes text/image clickable.
7. Image <img>
8. Self-closing tag
9. Attributes:
   • src → image path.
   • alt → description (accessibility).
   • height/width → size.